H: So the bank now makes fiscal and monetary policies for the country?

堀田：因此，目前该银行就是为国家制定财政和金融政策的。

youdao

Nevertheless, some governments' policymakers insist that direct controls on wages and prices, without tight monetary and fiscal policies, can succeed in decreasing inflation.

然而，一些政府的决策者坚持认为，在不采取紧缩的货币和财政政策的情况下，直接控制工资和价格能够成功地降低通胀。

youdao

The effect of these policies might come through in 2009, since both monetary and fiscal policy always take a while to have an effect.

这些政策可能要在2009年才能初见成效，毕竟货币和财政政策总是需要一段时间才能产生效果。

youdao

First, the agency's orthodox strategy of floating currencies and tight fiscal and monetary policies is flawed.

CNN: Bright Ideas

Countless discussions over fiscal and monetary policies will carry on, but time will tell.

FORBES: All Signs Point To Gold

The catalyst for this change: Greece's 2001 entry into the eurozone, which had imposed strict fiscal and monetary policies.

FORBES: Magazine Article